This article is written by Sushant Kumar of M.S. College, Motihari, an intern under Legal Vidhiya.
Abstract: –
Our constitution of India gives an equally live, equally divided speech, and equally balances every area. We will understand individual people helps other which live in a weaker position. Weaker position term used not only by farmers but also included weaker in education, weaker in less money, weaker in health-wise, and weaker in our society which cannot full fill own requirements. In modern time position of the weaker is different -a different area where we should work.
we know that the economically weak people in our society. Weaker people are a major issue in our country. If we want in political view about the weaker section, they work from time to time but the heavy population cause them don’t fill their requirement. we would be understood and some extra work from the politician.
Keywords: –
Economically weaker, Government guidelines, Environment issue, Political views, Origin,
Indian society is known for its unity of diversity, but by birth weaker section of society is also available in our country. In India, we have discussed weaker sections, we usually denote women, children, senior citizens, religious minorities and sexual minorities. But the children in Indian society have always been a less spoken and least conferred topic. In the British era, a weaker position highlights in our society. According to the Government of India Act, 1935 and said this act “weaker section hinted to those sections of society who are either because of the traditional custom of the practice of untouchability or because of tribal origin, tribal way of living or other backwardness has been suffering from educational and economic backwardness and some aspects of society. Based on their overall status in a view to their socio-economic and cultural life, for the convenience of effective administration of development and welfare programmed with special focus on their socio-economic stands. The weaker sections have been grouped basically divided into three categories by different resolutions of the Government of India. Those groups can be serially stated here based on the magnitude of their problems or vulnerability to various disabilities suffered by them.
1. Scheduled Caste 2. Scheduled Tribes and 3. Other Backward Classes
In addition to the above major groups, there are also some vulnerable groups like women, destitute children, handicapped people etc. who are generally considered weaker members of society. But here we are given the three major groups i.e., Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Class.
Government yojana for the weaker section: –
The government ensures that the development reaches these people through special provisions and schemes, especially for their benefit. Weaker sections also include people suffering from certain diseases. The government provides many schemes for the weaker sections. This scheme improves the condition of their requirement by offering them educational facilities, employment opportunities, healthcare areas and other requirements. Some schemes of introduced for weaker sections and economic empowerment. (byjus, n.d.) (Malviya, 2021)
1. Self-Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers scheme
Its scheme was started in 2007 and is said to restore to health and the remaining manual street sweeper and their dependents in alternate occupations.
2. National Scheduled Castes Finance & Development Corporation scheme
This scheme has a main objective to “fight poverty through entrepreneurship”. joint in 1989, NSFDC operates under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment to finance. This scheme facilitates and mobilizes funds to economically empower people who belong to the SC category and live below double the poverty line.
3. National Safai Karam Charis Finance & Development Corporation scheme
This scheme was established in 1997 and operates under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. NSKFDC works as an apex organization for the all-around social-economic upliftment of the Safai Karam Charis, and their dependents all over India, through various loan and non-loan-based schemes. The scheme promotes economic development activities of the safari Karam Charis. This scheme promotes their training, quality control, technology maintenance and their up-gradation, and common facility centres for sanitation.
4. Assistance to Scheduled Castes Development Corporations scheme
This scheme’s main objectives of the SCDCs are identifying and encouraging eligible SC families. This scheme promotes economic development schemes, sponsoring the schemes to financial institutions for credit support, and offering financial assistance.
5. Scheme of Development of Primitive Tribal Groups scheme
This scheme is family-oriented. Which income-generating schemes in the sectors of agriculture, minor irrigation, horticulture, animal husbandry, soil conservation, education, forests, fisheries, village, and small-scale industries, and minimum needs programmed. Primitive Tribal Groups were identified based on certain criteria like the pre-agricultural level of technology, literacy level, and declining or stagnant populations. The scheme includes infrastructure, housing, land, health, education, cattle and agriculture development, insurance, social security, etc.
6. Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls scheme
This scheme offers to provide nutrition provisional supplements Health check-ups and referral services Nutrition and health education Life skill education Accessing public services Guidance on family welfare, home management, and child care practices.
7. National Skill Development Programme step (Support to Training and Employment Programme for Women) scheme
its scheme was launched in 1986-87 as a central scheme The STEP Programme offers women the competencies, skills, and employability. They need to start their businesses or work for themselves. (byjus, n.d.)
8. Stree Shakti Puraskaar Yojana Instituted in 1991
This scheme provides awards for those women who are achievers on the occasion of International Women’s Day every year. This scheme aims to strengthen the economically weak women’s development process of women in rural areas and create a good atmosphere for social and environmental change. This Programme encourages women to develop their independence and gives them more access to power over resources by forming one lakh self-help women groups based on credit and thrift principles. Poverty takes off by building confidence in rural women by involving them who join income-generating activities.
9. Kishori Shakti Yojana: –
This scheme has the main objectives of the Kishori Shakti Yojana are to provide literacy and numeracy skills. Stimulating the desire for more social exposure and knowledge and thereby improving decision-making capabilities. This scheme always Improves health-wise protection and provides nutritional, health, and development status for adolescent girls. This scheme promotes health, hygiene, family care, and nutrition awareness. More opportunities provide life-learning skills, and training, and equip adolescent girls to improve home-based and improve in vocational skills. In this scheme understanding the social environment help the productive members of society. (byjus, n.d.)
10. National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)
This scheme is 100% the Central Government of India. This scheme is sponsored by the central and a part of the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP). Under this scheme, Rs.10000 is given to households under the poverty line upon the death of the primary breadwinner due to natural or accidental causes.
11. National Old Age Pension Scheme Under this scheme: –
This scheme is for the 65 years or older person to benefit. It will be eligible and receive Rs.75 per month. if he is found destitute with little or no means of subsistence by himself or through a family member. (byjus, n.d.)
Indian constitution article for the weaker section: –
Employment or appointment to any position under the state. Article 16 guarantees equal opportunity to all people. States can create specific arrangements for reservations and appointments for the backward classes, and the state has the jurisdiction to determine whether a person qualifies as a member of the backward classes. In monetary terms, it serves to strengthen the weaker portion. (Malviya, 2021)
Article 21: – In this article, everyone has the right to life and personal liberty, except for legal procedures. Everyone regardless of caste, sex, religion, or place of origin, cannot be deprived of their lives.
Article 21A: -In this article to right the constitution of India provides free and compulsory education for all children aged six to fourteen years.
Article 24: -In this article to makes it illegal to employ minors under the age of 14 in factories, mines, or any other dangerous occupation. Child Labour is working in the construction industry; Mines are dangerous in this article.
Article 25: – In this article provide the right to freedom of conscience and is free to profess, promote, and practice any religion. The above-mentioned freedoms are subject to public order, good health, and morality. (byjus, n.d.)
Article 25(2)(b): – In this article, the government promotes social welfare and reform while opening public Hindu religious institutions to all Hindu classes and groups.
Article 29: -In this article the protection of interests of minorities. Every citizen of India or any territory inside it should have the right to preserve their native tongue, writing system, and cultural practices.
Article 30: – In this article to said freedom all minorities, whether religious have the freedom to create and control educational institutions of their choice.
Article 38: -In this article, the States shall strive to promote the welfare of their citizens by promoting and securing a social order as effectively as possible, as well as acting to reduce in terms of income, facilities, and opportunities.
Article 39: -In this article, the Indian constitution deals with the provisions or principles of policy that shall be undertaken by the state.
Article 39A: – This article is for all citizens irrespective of their sex. Men or women should equally they’re the right to adequate means of livelihood.
Article 41: -In this article provides all people in India secure the right to work, education and public assistance in certain areas. That is unemployment and old age. It is one of the directive principles of state policy based on socialist principles.
Article 42: – In this article to stipulates that the state should be provided for any other hazardous occupation under equitable and humane working conditions, as well as maternity leave. Preserving women’s jobs during their maternity leave.
Article 46: – This article said to directive principles of State Policy. The state is addressing and advancing the economic and educational interests of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, or the less privileged group in society. In adding this article, the state must safeguard SC, ST, and other marginalized groups against exploitation and social injustice.
Special provisions in this article related to particular classes are addressed in Part XVI of the Constitution. The scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, and other classifications are given political authority in this section. Articles 330 and 332 Articles 338 and 338A created the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
Article 340: – In this article power of the president has the right to form a committee to study the situation of the socially and economically disadvantaged.
Empowerment of the weaker sections: – Empowerment of the weaker section is more effective in our society. Efficient by empowering the neighbourhood individuals to take active participation and donate for the uplifting of the weaker sections at the low level. Empowerment of weaker sections getting a general strengthening to the government and government instructive, monetary, political, and social strengthening of the weaker sections. The empowerment of the weaker sections to protect and provide in the constitutional article and statutory provisions is available. (prepp.in, n.d.)
Conclusion: -We know that the weaker section issue is not solved in one day. Everyone takes responsibility and helps them. Government should be an extra scheme to launch their requirements. The weaker section is growth after corona attack. Unemployment is the bigger cause of weaker people who do not get jobs in the Corona time. Weaker sections of society such as scheduled castes, tribes, women, disabled, children, old age, etc. need special improvement in their requirements, provisions and measures by the government to pull them out of their difficult position. In general word, members of such groups suffer many economic difficulties such as access to healthcare, nutrition, educational facility and government-sponsored schemes and measures.
Reference: –
https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/economic-empowerment/#:~:text=Weaker%20sections%20of,of%20Yojana%20%E2%80%93%20July
https://prepp.in/news/e-492-provisions-related-to-weaker-sections-indian-polity-upsc-notes#:~:text=Article%2042%20stipulates,and%20economically%20disadvantaged
https://blog.ipleaders.in/article-30-of-the-indian-constitution/#:~:text=Article%2030%20of-,the%20Indian%20Constitution,-and%20talks%20about
https://indiankanoon.org/doc/367586/#:~:text=State%20shall%20not-,deny%20to%20any%20person,-equality%20before%20the
https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=170206#:~:text=Article%2021%20of%20the%20Constitution%20of%20India.%20The%20Government%20welcomes%20the%20view%20of%20the%20Supreme%20Court%2C%20which%20is%20consistent
https://blog.ipleaders.in/weaker-sections-society-constitution-socio-legal-analysis/#:~:text=safeguards%20in%20the%20Constitution%20of%20India%20for%20the%20upliftment%20and%20protection%20of%20the%20weaker%20section%20of%20the%20society.%20They
